THE STUDY OF THE RUBAS FORTIFICATION IN 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32653/CH15162-86Keywords:
South Dagestan, Rubas fortification, monumental defensive wall on the river Rubas, arched structure, Sasanian Iran, Byzantium, the Caspian pass, West Pre-Caspian region.Abstract
The article presents the material of the excavation of the monumental fortification of the middle of the VI century on the river Rubas (Rubas fortification), conducted in 2018. Studies of the monument, accidentally discovered in 2014, have been carried out since 2016.
In 2016–2017 two military engineering objects were identified - a monumental defensive wall and an arched structure.
The defensive complex on the river Rubas has an intricate structure and layout. The full length of the main wall, oriented in the South – West direction, has not yet been established. Following the excavations of 2016–2017, its 20th segment had a continuation both to the north and to the south - in the direction of the riverbed Rubas. The functional purpose of the wall embedded in the trunk wall in the direction East – West is not defined either. There is no data on the appointment of another wall, attached to the construction of an arched structure from the north.
The research in 2018 revealed new sections of the main defensive wall, the total length of which was 28 m. The wall has a continuation both to the north and to the south. New data on the technology of its facilities were received. In the northern segment, a layer-by-layer alternation of crushed stone and masonry from large stone blocks was found in the interwall space. The stone blocks of the eastern facade and backfilling had pairwise narrow slits for the installation of metal brackets that held the masonry together, which strengthened the structure.
New sections of the wall oriented in the direction of East – West were also revealed, and it was established that it continues to the east (it is possible that this is another main wall directed to the coast of the sea).
The archaeo- and paleoseismological surveys of 2018 revealed significant deformations of the military engineering structures of the Rubas fortification, caused by a powerful earthquake. The strongest flooding followed by mudflows were the reason for the destruction of this fortification object approximately in the X century.
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References
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Gmyra L.B. Discovering of the new monumental fortification of Sasanian Iran in the valley of the river Rubas (South Dagestan) [Otkrytie novoj monumental’noj fortifikacii Sasanidskogo Irana v doline r. Rubas (Yuzhnyj Dagestan)] The scientific heritage. № 6 (6) (2016). P.1 (Budapest, Hungary): 108-111.
Gmyrya L.B., Saidov V.A., Magomedov Y.A., Saypudinov M.S. Excavations of a newly discovered monumental fortification of Sassanian Iran on the r. Rubas in 2017 [Raskopki novootkrytogo monumental’nogo fortifikacionnogo sooruzheniya Sasanidskogo Irana na r. Rubas v 2017 g.] History, archeology and ethnography of the Caucasus. 2018. Vol. 14. № 1: 113–129.
Gmyrya L.B. The construction of the arched structure in the system of the monumental defensive complex of the mid VI century on the river Rubas in the Western Pre-Caspian region [Sooruzhenie arochnoj konstrukcii v sisteme monumental’nogo oboronitel’nogo kompleksa serediny VI v. na r. Rubas v Zapadnom Prikaspii] Society: Philosophy, History, Culture. 2018. № 2: 38–44.
Gmyrya L.B., Korzhenkov A.M., Ovsyuchenko A.N., Larkov A.S., Rogozhin E.A. Seismic deformations at the Rubas archaeological site in the middle of the VI century. Southern Dagestan [Sejsmicheskie deformacii na Rubasskom arheologicheskom pamyatnike serediny VI v. Yuzhnyj Dagestan Geophysical processes and the biosphere [Geofizicheskie processy i biosfera] (submitted to print).
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Additional Files
- Рис. 1. Топоплан 2018 г. местона (Russian)
- Рис. 2. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 3. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 5. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 7. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 9. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 11. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 13. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 15. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 17. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 19. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
- Рис. 21. Рубасская фортификация. (Russian)
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