ДИСКУССИИ О СУФИЗМЕ В ДАГЕСТАНЕ В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВЕ

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32653/CH182323-345

Ключевые слова:

суфизм в Дагестане, полемика, реформаторы, салафиты, дискуссии, рукописи, ислам

Аннотация

 В статье дан анализ дискуссий о суфизме между представителями различных течений в Дагестане – суфийскими шейхами, с одной стороны, и лидерами исламских реформаторов, с другой. В вводной части дается краткий исторический экскурс об истории распространения суфизма в Дагестане. Первоначально, до распространения идей мусульманского реформаторства в Дагестане и даже параллельно с движением реформизма, дискуссия о легитимности тех или иных практик шла внутри разных групп суфийских общин. В конце имперского периода к этой полемике подключились реформаторы, более известные в научной литературе как джадиды. Примечательно, что в среде реформаторов отношение к суфизму и суфиям было неодинаковым. Одна группа джадидов считала суфизм легитимным в исламе течением, критикуя на страницах исламской прессы лишь современных им дагестанских суфийских шейхов. Другая группа реформаторов пошла дальше и не признавала легитимность суфизма вообще. Эта полемика не завершилась в ранний советский период, а перешла из прошлого в день настоящий. В постсоветский период ту же риторику о нелегитимности суфизма как течения, которого не было во времена пророка Мухаммада и первом поколении после него, подхватили уже современные салафиты. В свою очередь суфийские шейхи как раннесоветского, так и постсоветского периода также писали работы с опровержением взглядов своих оппонентов. Несмотря на общую риторику раннесоветских джадидов и постсоветских салафитов, все же между ними нет преемственности традиций. Статья основана на анализе оригинальных арабских источников, в том числе рукописей и статей в местной прессе, многие из которых впервые введены в научный оборот.

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Биография автора

  • Шамиль Шихалиевич Шихалиев, Университет Амстердама, Нидерланды; Институт востоковедения РАН, Москва
    Звание, должность: кандидат исторических наук, заведующий сектором восточных рукописей, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела востоковедения Научные интересы: Арабская рукописная книга, кодикология, мусульманское право, суфизм, исламоведение. мусульманское реформаторство.

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Опубликован

23.06.2022

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1.
Шихалиев ШШ. ДИСКУССИИ О СУФИЗМЕ В ДАГЕСТАНЕ В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВЕ. ИАЭК. 2022;18(2):323-345. doi:10.32653/CH182323-345