DISCUSSION OF SUFISM IN DAGESTAN IN THE HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32653/CH182323-345Keywords:
Sufism in Dagestan, controversy, reformers, Salafis, discussions, manuscripts, IslamAbstract
The paper analyses the discussion of Sufism between the representative of different trends in Dagestan – Sufi sheikhs, on the one side, and Islamic reformers on the other. The introduction part provides a brief historical excursus on the history of Sufism dissemination in Dagestan. Initially, before the spread of the ideas of Muslim reformism in Dagestan and even in parallel with the movement of reformism, the discussion about the legitimacy of certain practices took place within different groups of Sufi communities. At the end of the imperial period, the reformers, better known in the scientific literature as the Jadids, joined the discussion. It is noteworthy that among the reformers, the attitude towards Sufism and Sufis was not the same. One group of Jadids considered Sufism to be a legitimate trend in Islam, criticizing in the pages of the Islamic press only contemporary Dagestan Sufi sheikhs. Another group of reformers went further and did not recognize the legitimacy of Sufism at all. This controversy did not end in the early Soviet period, and survived to this day. In the post-Soviet period, the same rhetoric about the illegitimacy of Sufism as a trend, which did not exist during the time of the Prophet Muhammad and the first generation after him, was picked up by modern Salafists. In turn, Sufi sheikhs of both the early Soviet and post-Soviet periods also wrote works refuting the views of their opponents. Despite the common rhetoric of the early Soviet Jadids and post-Soviet Salafists, there is still no continuity of traditions between them. The paper is based on the analysis of original Arabic sources, including manuscripts and articles in the local press, many of which have been introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
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8.5. The Publisher shall be relieved from any responsibility for non-compliance with the terms of this Agreement if such non-compliance is a result of a force-majeure event such as an act of state authorities, including adoption of legal instruments, fire, flood, earthquake, other natural calamities, loss of power and/or computer network failure, strikes, civil commotions, riots, and any other similar events.
- Dispute Resolution Procedure
9.1. Any disputes and disagreements shall be resolved by the Parties by negotiations, and if the Parties fail to reach an agreement, these shall be resolved in accordance with the effective law of the Russian Federation.
9.2. If any disagreements remain unresolved, the Parties shall settle those at the location of the Publisher in accordance with the effective law of the Russian Federation.
- Miscellaneous
10.1. Any notifications, messages, requests etc., excluding documents which need to be forwarded in original form pursuant to the Russian Federation legislation, shall be deemed to have been received by the Author, if delivered (sent) by the Publisher via the Journal's site, including by publishing those, by fax or e-mail specified in the Application, or using other communication facilities. The Parties acknowledge validity of notifications, messages, requests etc. delivered (sent) using the above-listed methods.
10.2. Where the Publisher becomes subject to any claims related to non-compliance with an exclusive copyright or other intellectual property right of any third party during the writing of the Article or in connection with conclusion of this Agreement by the Author, the Author undertakes to:
- immediately upon receipt of a Publisher's notification, take measures to settle disputes with such third party, and, where necessary, join the litigation in favor of the Publisher and use its best endeavors to exclude the Publisher from the defendants;
- reimburse the legal cost, expenses and loss incurred by the Publisher as a result of application of a pre-award relief and measures for execution of a judgment, and damages paid by the Publisher to any third party for the infringement of exclusive copyright and/or other intellectual property rights, as well as other expenditures incurred by the Publisher as a result of infringement by the Author of any warranties provided hereunder.
10.3. Subject to Article 6 of the Federal Law On Personal Data No. 152-FZ dated July 27, 2006, for the period from the conclusion of this Agreement and until the discharge of Parties obligations hereunder, the Author expresses his/her consent to processing of the following personal data by the Publisher: last name, first name, patronymic; taxpayers identification number (TIN); place and date of birth; citizenship details; ID document details; registration and actual location address; e-mail address; mailing address with postal code; contact phone numbers; fax numbers; and details of the employers.
10.4. The Publisher is entitled to process the above personal data for the purpose of this Agreement performance, including for provision of information and reference services to the Author. The processing of personal data shall be understood to mean any handing (operations) with personal data, including collection, systematization, accumulation, storage, refinement (update, alteration), use, distribution (including transfer to third parties), depersonalization, blocking and deletion of personal data in accordance with the effective Russian Federation legislation.
10.5. Where permitted by the Russian Federation legislation, the Author is entitled to withdraw his/her consent to processing of personal data as listed in Clause 10.3 by forwarding a respective notice to the Publisher. Upon receipt of such notice, the Publisher has a right to suspend services.
10.6. The Author will, on a goodwill basis, submit his/her details (and details of each Co-Author subject to their prior consent) to the Journal's Editorial Office consisting of his/her: last name, first name, patronymic, academic rank, academic degree, job title, employer details (name and mailing address), work phone number and e-mail address for the purpose of its general publication in the Journal along with the Article.
- Registered Address and Particulars of the Publisher
The Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address: M. Yaragskogo st. 75, Makhachkala, Republic of Daghestan, 367030, Russian Federation.
Tel./fax: +7 (872) 262-4571, +7 (872) 262-9097
E-mail: caucasushistory@yandex.ru
