К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИИ ИСКУССТВА с. КУБАЧИ

Авторы

  • М М Маммаев Институт истории, археологии и этнографии Дагестанского научного центра РАН

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32653/CH123119-139

Ключевые слова:

Кубачи, искусство, происхождение, Средние века, резьба по камню, рельефы - архитектурные детали, изобразительные сюжеты, бронзовые котлы, надмогильные памятники, арабские надписи, орнамент, атрибуция, топоним Зирихгеран, локализация и идентификация

Аннотация

В статье освещаются вопросы истоков кубачинского искусства по данным памятников камнерезного искусства XIII-XV вв. - рельефов (деталей архитектурного декора) с изобразительными сюжетами и надмогильных памятников с декоративными арабскими надписями и растительным орнаментом, а также художественно отделанных бронзовых котлов. Автор полемизирует с исследователями, считающими средневековое искусство с. Кубачи привнесенным целиком извне - из стран Ближнего Востока. Приводятся аргументы в пользу того, что каменные рельефы и надмогильные памятники изготовлены местными мастерами - зирихгеранами, предками кубачинцев, при непосредственном участии приезжих или специально приглашенных из Ближнего Востока мастеров - камнерезов, каллиграфов, специалистов архитектурно-декоративных работ, строителей. Приводятся также факты, позволяющие считать, что с. Кубачи было основано не в конце XIII - начале XIV в. некими пришельцами из Малой Азии (Рума) или северо-западного Ирака (Джазиры), как полагают отдельные исследователи, а в начале I тысячелетия нашей эры. Топоним Зирихгеран автор локализует в районе нынешнего расположения с. Кубачи и идентифицирует с этим населенным пунктом. Подвергаются критике ошибочные взгляды З. Доде о монгольской атрибуции средневековых каменных рельефов с изобразительными сюжетами из с. Кубачи. В статье показана непосредственная преемственность традиций кубачинского искусства именно с XIII-XV вв.

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Опубликован

15.09.2016

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1.
Маммаев ММ. К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИИ ИСКУССТВА с. КУБАЧИ. ИАЭК. 2016;12(3):119-139. doi:10.32653/CH123119-139