MURTAZEKI - VOINSKOE FORMIROVANIE ShAMILYa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32653/CH10348-60Keywords:
Муртазеки, Шамиль, гвардия Шамиля, имамат, отряд, десятники, пятисотниAbstract
В данной статье рассматривается возникновение и использование отрядов муртазеков в государстве Шамиля. Муртазеки - это наемные воины, которые составляли гвардию Шамиля. Они подразделяются на десятки и пятисотни. Каждая из этих частей имеет своего начальника. В статье показаны их место и роль в военных формированиях государства Имамат. Приведены документы о времени их возникновения и функционирования с начала 1832 по 1859 гг. Анализ известного сочинения Гасанилава Гимринского дает нам возможность предположить, что наемные воины впервые появились при имаме Газимухаммаде. О возникновении и функционировании наемного военного института муртазеков до вступления Шамиля в должность имама в 1834 г. свидетельствуют показания Мухаммед Тахира аль-Карахи, содержащиеся в его хронике - в главе «О назначении Хамзата халифом и разъяснение о его битвах». Возникновение постоянного военного института муртазеков совпадает с периодом возникновения института наибов у первых имамов Газимухаммада и Гамзатбека.Downloads
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