DAGESTAN. MOUNTAIN-VALLEY HORTICULTURE: DEFINING AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE AND GARDENING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32653/CH163770-796Keywords:
Dagestan, mountain valleys, ethno-economy, ethno-ecology, agriculture, horticulture, gardening, sustainability, authenticity, brand.Abstract
The article is devoted to the historical and ethnographic description of mountain gardening in Dagestan. A brief overview of the definitions of agriculture, horticulture and gardening is given. The importance of avoiding confusion between these basically close and partly identical terms in anthropological and ethnographic studies is illustrated in the case of mountain-valley horticulture. This approach examines a) the symbiosis of the economic and cultural traditions of the region; b) components of ethno-economics and ethno-ecology; c) technological modernization of the agricultural industry; d) an indicator of the resource potential of sustainable development of mountainous areas, the population of which retains traditional economic specialization; e) economic integration of mountainous territories into the region, the country, and the formation of interregional ties that give stability to the ethnic economy; f) criteria for the appropriate preservation of traditional ethno-culture.
The multiethnic composition of the population of the Russian Federation, different geographic conditions and socio-economic levels of development of its regions predetermine the relevance of the development of projects and programs for sustainable development of territories adapted to specific historical and cultural areas, the use of recreational potentials, ethnic identity as “brands” with the obligatory consideration of probable, often negative consequences.
In this regard, the social problems associated with the need to preserve the historical, cultural and natural heritage, traditional life support systems, and the economic specialization of mountain areas are considered. The importance of craft centers that continue to preserve the traditions of Russian “brands”, create authentic, ethnographically colorful “regional” products is emphasized. It is noted that since the 1990s, mountain-valley gardening in Dagestan has been in a state of stagnation due to socio-political, legal (land use and land use) and demographic (depopulation of mountainous territories) factors.
Keywords: Dagestan; mountain valleys; ethnoeconomics; ethnoecology; agriculture; horticulture; mountain-valley gardening.
Аннотация. Статья посвящена историко-этнографическому описанию горного садоводства в Дагестане. Приведен краткий обзор определений "agriculture", "horticulture", "gardening". Отмечена важность избегания путаницы между этими, в основном близкими и, отчасти, идентичными терминами в антропологических и этнографических исследованиях горно-долинного садоводства, рассматриваемого как: а) симбиоз экономических и культурных традиций региона; б) компонент этно-экономики и этно-экологии; в) технологическая модернизация агропромышленного комплекса; г) показатель ресурсного потенциала устойчивого развития горных территорий, население которых сохраняет традиционную экономическую специализацию; д) экономическая интеграция горных территорий в регион, страну и формирование межрегиональных связей, придающих стабильность национальной экономике; е) критерии надлежащего сохранения традиционной этнокультуры. Подобные исследовательские подходы позволяет высветить проблемы не только на Кавказе, но и в отличающихся по уровню социально-экономического развития многонациональных регионах страны, многие из которых ошибочно видят устойчивое развитие в рекреационном потенциале территории и использовании этнической самобытности как «бренда», не учитывая потенциальных, а зачастую и негативных последствий. В этой связи обращено внимание на выявлении социальных проблем, связанных с необходимостью сохранения исторического, культурного и природного наследия традиционных систем жизнеобеспечения, экономической специализации, на развитии ремесленных центров, сохраняющих традиции российских «брендов» и аутентичность региональных продуктов, а также на то, что с 1990-х годов горно-долинное садоводство в Дагестане находится в состоянии стагнации из-за социально-политических, правовых (землепользование и землепользование) и демографических (депопуляция горных территорий) факторов.
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References
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Additional Files
- Fig. 3. Terraced fields between
- Fig. 4. Terraced fields, Karata
- Fig. 1. Garden terraces, Igali v
- Fig. 14. Wooden aqueducts in gar
- Fig. 15. Transfer of water throu
- Fig. 16. Sheltered channel in th
- Fig. 17. Dam for water supply to
- Fig. 18. Water distribution devi
- Fig. 9. Apricots drying. Miarso
- Fig. 2. Garden terraces, Untsuku
- Fig. 5. The village of Rugelda,
- Fig. 6. Saving fertile land as t
- Fig. 7. Saving fertile land // G
- Fig. 8. Saving fertile land // G
- Fig. 10. Untsukul gardens // Gad
- Fig. 11. Untsukul gardens // Gad
- Fig. 12. Untsukul gardens // Gad
- Fig. 13. Modern garden terrace n
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