НАИБ ИМАМАТА И СОВЕТНИК ШАМИЛЯ ХАДЖИ ЙУСУФ: БИОГРАФИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ КРИТИКИ АВТОБИОГРАФИИ

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32653/CH172330-351

Ключевые слова:

Кавказская война, Имамат, картография, биография, хаджи Йусуф.

Аннотация

Турецкоподданный чеченского происхождения хаджи Йусуф сыграл заметную роль в становлении административных и военных институтов Имамата, строительстве фортификаций, в коммуникациях с чиновниками Османской империи; его считают одной из важных фигур эпохи Шамиля, «закулисным умом имама».

Судьбе хаджи Йусуфа посвящено несколько разновременных исследований, но с момента их публикации прошло довольно много времени, выявлены новые сведения, которые позволяют уточнить детали его жизненного пути и подробнее обрисовать биографию этой примечательной личности. Его научная биография способствует поднятию уровня познания жизни конкретной персоналии, воссозданию истории человека в связи с историческими реалиями и общественной действительностью, характеристике времени на фоне личности.

Для этого использованы его автобиографичные сведения, а также массив выявленных источников и материалов, анализ которых произведен в сравнении. Полученные результаты демонстрируют  этапы жизненного пути хаджи Йусуфа в хронологической последовательности: рождение в с. Алды; переезд семьи в Османскую империю, получение там образования и последующая служба в армии египетского паши (до 1834 г.); возвращение на Кавказ, работа в качестве домашнего учителя у кабардинского князя (1834 – 1839 гг.); желание вернуться в Турцию и отбытие к черноморскому побережью Черкесии (1839 – 1841 гг.); установление контактов и переезд к имаму Шамилю (1841 г.); деятельность на службе Имамата – наибом, советником, инженером (до 1854 г.); ссылка за попытку дискредитации имама (1854 – 1856 гг.); бегство к русским (1856 г.). Кроме того, в рамках исследования публикуется наследие хаджи Йусуфа – карты и схемы, составленные им для информирования чиновников Османской империи об Имамате.

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Биография автора

  • Махач Абдулаевич Мусаев, Институт истории, археологии и этнографии Дагестанского федерального исследовательского центра РАН
    кандидат исторических наук, и.о. ведущего научного сотрудника отдела востоковедения; врио руководителя Агентства по охране культурного наследия Республики Дагестан

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Опубликован

01.07.2021

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Раздел

История

Как цитировать

1.
Мусаев МА. НАИБ ИМАМАТА И СОВЕТНИК ШАМИЛЯ ХАДЖИ ЙУСУФ: БИОГРАФИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ КРИТИКИ АВТОБИОГРАФИИ. ИАЭК. 2021;17(2):330-351. doi:10.32653/CH172330-351