КОМПЛЕКТОВАНИЕ ГАРНИЗОНА КРЕПОСТИ СВЯТОГО КРЕСТА (1722-1735 ГГ.): ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО АРХИВА РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДАГЕСТАН

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32653/CH162264-279

Ключевые слова:

Россия, Дагестан, Святой Крест, комендант, Низовой корпус, гарнизон, рекрут, армия.

Аннотация

На основе материалов Центрального государственного архива Республики Дагестан реконструируется история пребывания российских императорских войск в Дагестане первой трети XVIII столетия. С объективных позиций, с учетом достижений отечественного кавказоведения на основе глубокого изучения, анализа и обобщения архивных материалов авторы ставят цель определить роль гарнизона крепости Святого Креста в осуществлении Российской империей кавказской политики в Дагестане. В статье рассматривается система комплектования гарнизона Святого Креста, раскрываются все стороны жизнедеятельности данного рода войск, начиная от организации до гарнизонной службы. Хранящийся в Центральном государственном архиве Республики Дагестан Фонд № 382 «Комендант крепости Святого Креста», а также документы за период 1722–1735 гг. из фондов номера 18 и 335, представляют собой основной источник по истории этой крепости, комплектования ее гарнизона. Они содержат документы военного делопроизводства, освещающие жизнедеятельность гарнизонных войск Низового корпуса российской императорской. Методологическую и теоретическую основу статьи составили главные принципы исторической науки: объективность, научность и историзм, предполагающие изучение исторических событий и фактов в конкретных исторических условиях, рассмотрение их в сравнительно-историческом плане. Авторами проанализирован механизм сбора и отправки рекрутов в полки крепости Святого Креста, показано, что данная процедура регламентировалась правительственными указами. Выявлено, что комплектование гарнизона крепости Святого Креста происходило за счет рекрутов, поступавших преимущественно из городов Поволжья, показано, что офицерский корпус гарнизонных полков крепости Святого Креста комплектовался за счет сословия дворян Российской империи на основе принципа выборности из числа унтер, обер-офицеров.

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Об авторах

  • Магомед-Паша Балашович Абдусаламов, Дагестанский государственный университет народного хозяйства
    кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры гуманитарных дисциплин
  • Николай Дмитриевич Чекулаев, Институт истории, археологии и этнографии Дагестанского федерального исследовательского центра РАН
    кандидат исторических наук, научный сотрудник

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Опубликован

12.07.2020

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История

Как цитировать

1.
Абдусаламов МПБ, Чекулаев НД. КОМПЛЕКТОВАНИЕ ГАРНИЗОНА КРЕПОСТИ СВЯТОГО КРЕСТА (1722-1735 ГГ.): ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО АРХИВА РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДАГЕСТАН. ИАЭК. 2020;16(2):264-279. doi:10.32653/CH162264-279