THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL SYSTEMOF ASTRAKHAN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EASTERN TRADEIN THE LATE 18TH CENTURY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32653/CH222%25pKeywords:
Astrakhan customs, Asian court, Khan of Shaki, Melik-Jimshid Shakhnazarov, Shushi, trade relations, XVIII century.Abstract
This article analyzes the administrative and judicial apparatus of Astrakhan during the late 18th century, evaluating its structural influence on Russia’s eastern trade. Utilizing newly discovered manuscript sources from the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA), the author introduces fresh documentary evidence into scholarly circulation to illuminate the operational realities of these regional administrative and judicial bodies. The core case study centers on an incident of cross-border merchant friction: the investigation into the seizure of goods belonging to the Karabakh Armenian Melik, Jamshid Shahnazarov, by the Sheki ruler, Muhammad Husayn Khan. By applying a comparative historical analysis to these archival manuscripts and the concurrent legislative acts of the Russian Empire, the study reconstructs the intricate specificities of imperial bureaucracy. The findings demonstrate the rigorous, granular involvement of the Governing Senate, which directly adjudicated individual trade disputes. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that the Russian government’s overarching regional strategy was systematically oriented toward resolving complex “litigation brought by Asians.” Crucially, imperial administrators had to account for the fact that the frontier city of Astrakhan functioned as a highly diverse, multinational commercial hub with a pronounced ethno-confessional demographic profile. Recognizing the unique administrative and legal friction generated by this diversity, the Senate devised a pragmatic compromise for international litigants at the close of the 18th century. Imperial decrees authorized the establishment of ad hoc arbitration courts supervised by provincial authorities, which were mandated to conduct proceedings in alignment with Russian statutory law while accommodating the multi-ethnic realities of frontier commerce.
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10.4. The Publisher is entitled to process the above personal data for the purpose of this Agreement performance, including for provision of information and reference services to the Author. The processing of personal data shall be understood to mean any handing (operations) with personal data, including collection, systematization, accumulation, storage, refinement (update, alteration), use, distribution (including transfer to third parties), depersonalization, blocking and deletion of personal data in accordance with the effective Russian Federation legislation.
10.5. Where permitted by the Russian Federation legislation, the Author is entitled to withdraw his/her consent to processing of personal data as listed in Clause 10.3 by forwarding a respective notice to the Publisher. Upon receipt of such notice, the Publisher has a right to suspend services.
10.6. The Author will, on a goodwill basis, submit his/her details (and details of each Co-Author subject to their prior consent) to the Journal's Editorial Office consisting of his/her: last name, first name, patronymic, academic rank, academic degree, job title, employer details (name and mailing address), work phone number and e-mail address for the purpose of its general publication in the Journal along with the Article.
- Registered Address and Particulars of the Publisher
The Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address: M. Yaragskogo st. 75, Makhachkala, Republic of Daghestan, 367030, Russian Federation.
Tel./fax: +7 (872) 262-4571, +7 (872) 262-9097
E-mail: caucasushistory@yandex.ru
