EPIGRAPHY OF THE XII–XVIII CENTURIES FROM THE AGUL VILLAGE OF RICHA (NEW DATA)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32653/CH1616-49Keywords:
Arabic epigraphy, Dagestan, middle Ages, Richa village, mosque, minaret, feast, Sufism.Abstract
In the abundance of epigraphic monuments and their historical and cultural significance, the ancient Aghul village of Richa stands out among other mountain villages and auls of Dagestan. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the study of Arabic inscriptions found in the village of Richa. More than twenty previously unknown inscriptions in various genres of epigraphy – construction, ownership and vital records, epitaphs and religious texts – have been for the first time introduced into modern linguistics. Notable among them are the most ancient monuments of Arabic Kufic writings, paleographically dated the XI-XII centuries, which testifies to the early popularization of Islam in Richa. In addition, the authors propose a new way of reading some of the Richa inscriptions that are already known to science. The presence of Kufic inscriptions on the walls of three mosques in Richa, as well as Naskh inscriptions dated 1242 on the walls of another mosque, suggest that mosques had existed in Richa even before the Mongols came here in 1239. Researchers have revealed the oldest dated epitaph in Richa (1300–01) in which the term alim (scholar) was used for the first time in the epigraphy of Dagestan. New valuable data have been obtained on the history of construction and reconstruction of Muslim places of worship, mausoleums, sanctuaries, and public buildings. Names of many local craftsmen, carvers and calligraphers have become known. The inscriptions contain valuable information on representatives of the medieval religious elites and Sufi figures. The rich social and professional terminology used in the newly identified Richa inscriptions is also of interest: sultan, shaykh, pir, murid, alim, qadi, ustad (usta), qatib, nakir, sahib, gulam, kavha. Translations of the texts are accompanied by scientific comments.
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References
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Additional Files
- Рис. 1. Селение Рича. Общий вид. (Russian)
- Рис. 2. Куфическая надпись XI–XI (Russian)
- Рис. 3. Куфическая надпись XI–XI (Russian)
- Рис. 4. Куфическая надпись XII–X (Russian)
- Рис. 5. Надмогильная стела 1300– (Russian)
- Рис. 6. Слово «Аллах» куфическим (Russian)
- Рис. 7. Надпись XIV–XV в. в стен (Russian)
- Рис. 8. Надпись XIV–XV вв. в ква (Russian)
- Рис. 9. Надмогильные стелы XIV–X (Russian)
- Рис. 10. Строительная надпись от (Russian)
- Рис. 11. Плита с формулой «шахад (Russian)
- Рис. 12. Надпись середины XVII в (Russian)
- Рис. 13. Надпись последней трети (Russian)
- Рис. 14. Надпись о строительстве (Russian)
- Рис. 15. Надпись XVII в. о строи (Russian)
- Рис. 16. Надмогильная стела XVI (Russian)
- Рис. 17. Эпитафия 1711–12 г. вну (Russian)
- Рис. 18. Надпись о строительстве (Russian)
- Рис. 19. Эпитафия надмогильного (Russian)
- Рис. 20. Надпись о строительстве (Russian)
- Рис. 21. Надпись XV в. о строите (Russian)
- Рис. 22. Надпись о строительстве (Russian)
- Рис. 23. Надпись о восстановлени (Russian)
- Рис. 24. Тюркоязычная надпись XV (Russian)
- Рис. 25. Надпись XVII в. о ремон (Russian)
- Рис. 26. Владельческая надпись X (Russian)
- Рис. 27. Надпись1782–83 г. о рем (Russian)
- Рис. 28. Надпись о ремонте Джума (Russian)
- Рис. 29. Актовая запись1790–91 г (Russian)
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