History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus

Annotation: The article is devoted to some issues of the agroethnography of Nagorno-Dagestan in the 19th - early 20th centuries. on the example of the Laks living now in the territory of the Laksky and Kulinsky districts. The article focuses on issues related to the farming system, the evolution of agroethnography, their dialectical connection with social and cultural development, and at the same time we set the task3 to investigate some issues of agroethnography of the Laks against the background and in connection with the established economic and cultural types characteristic of Lakia of the period under study. . Here we are talking about the agricultural type within the territorial limits of the current Laksky and Kulinsky districts. The system of agriculture determines in what ways to use certain lands, how to extract from the available lands, using the most productive agricultural implements, the greatest final result, while using different combinations of land use, and different methods of preparing and cultivating the land. At the same time, attention is drawn to a set of measures aimed at preserving the use in the future for its intended purpose, that is, to obtain the maximum possible amount of products and raw materials, since the farming system, its nominations are a set of measures to restore and soil fertility of agricultural land. In the article, we naturally take into account the main "background" factor, which largely determines both agriculture and the components of agricultural culture - we are talking about natural and geographical conditions, ecology. The material for writing this article was collected by the author during expedition trips to the relevant regions, archival materials on the agricultural census of Dagestan for 1917, as well as visual observations of the author.